Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Respiratory Motor Output and Endurance. A Physiological Study

Christophe Rault (1) , Aude Sangaré (2, 3) , Véronique Diaz (1) , Stéphanie Ragot (4) , Jean-Pierre Frat (4, 1) , Mathieu Raux (5, 3) , Thomas Similowski (5, 3) , René Robert (4) , Arnaud Thille (4, 1) , Xavier Drouot (6, 1)

1 CIC 1402 - CIC Poitiers – Centre d'investigation clinique de Poitiers
2 ICM - Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute
3 CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP]
4 CHU de Poitiers - Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers = Poitiers University Hospital
5 UMRS 1158 - Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique
6 LNEC [Poitiers] - Laboratoire de neurosciences expérimentales et cliniques

Rationale: Sleep deprivation can alter endurance of skeletal muscles, but its impact on respiratory command is unknown. Objectives: We aimed to assess the effect of sleep deprivation on respiratory motor output and inspiratory endurance. Methods: Inspiratory endurance was investigated twice in random order, following a normal sleep night and a sleepless night. Healthy participants were asked to breathe as long as possible until task failure against a moderate inspiratory threshold constraint. Transdiaphragmatic pressure and diaphragm electrical activity were measured throughout the trial to assess pressure output of the diaphragm and overall respiratory motor output. Cortical contribution to respiratory motor output was assessed by measurement of preinspiratory motor potential amplitude and by cervical magnetic simulation. Measurements and Main Results: Twenty healthy male participants were studied. Time to task failure was significantly shorter after sleep deprivation than after normal sleep: (30 min [interquartile range [IQR], 17–41] vs. 60 min [IQR, 45–60], P = 0.002). At the beginning of the trial, preinspiratory motor potential amplitude was significantly lower in the sleep-deprivation condition (4.5 μV [IQR, 2.5–6.4] vs. 7.3 μV [IQR, 4.3–10.4], P = 0.02) and correlated significantly with the duration of the endurance trial. In the sleep-deprivation condition, preinspiratory motor potential amplitude, electrical activity of the diaphragm, pressure output of the diaphragm, and Vt decreased and the respiratory rate increased significantly from the beginning to the end of the trial. Such decreases did not occur in the normal-sleep condition. Conclusions: One night of sleep deprivation reduces respiratory motor output by altering its cortical component with subsequent reduction of inspiratory endurance by half. These results suggest that altered sleep triggers severe brain dysfunctions that could precipitate respiratory failure.

Mots clés: sleep deprivation; premotor potential; respiratory motor output; inspiratory endurance; healthy subjects

Domaines: Physiologie [q-bio.TO]

Christophe Rault, Aude Sangaré, Véronique Diaz, Stéphanie Ragot, Jean-Pierre Frat, et al.. Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Respiratory Motor Output and Endurance. A Physiological Study. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2020, 201 (8), pp.976-983. ⟨10.1164/rccm.201904-0819OC⟩. ⟨hal-04015110⟩